There are a few people that have been kicking around the idea of supercharging diesels, and yes, here's proof that it can be done.
This truck was built years ago by Piers Diesel, and is rumored to still be around. Throttle response was unreal, and the story goes that it made 6psi of boost just while it was sitting idling. Anybody have any more info on the truck or know where it is now??